Viceroy Germaine de Foix brutally suppressed the rebellion and its leaders, and this precipitated the authoritarian centralization of Charles I. Queen Germaine supported the harsh treatment of the Agermanats. She is believed to have personally signed the death warrants for 100 former rebels, and indicated that up to 800 executions could have occurred. The Agermanates can be compared to the comuneros of neighboring Castile, who fought a similar revolt against Charles in 1520-1522.
The expulsion of Morisco from Valencia Grau Pere Oromig
The crisis was aggravated in the 17th century by the expulsion in 1609 of Jews and Moriscos, descendants of the Muslim population, who converted to Christianity under the threat of expulsion by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1502. From 1609 to 1614, the Spanish government systematically forced Moriscos to leave the kingdom and go to Muslim North Africa. They were concentrated in the former kingdom of Aragon, where they made up a fifth of the population, and in particular in the Valencia region, where they made up about a third of the total population. The expulsion led to the financial ruin of some of the nobility and the bankruptcy of Taula de Canvy in 1613. The Crown sought to compensate for the large nobles who had lost part of their agricultural workforce; this damaged the city's economy for future generations. Later, during the so-called Catalan uprising (1640-1652), Valencia contributed to the cause of Philip IV with militias and money, which led to a period of distant economic hardship, exacerbated by the arrival of troops from other parts of Spain.
he 19th century began when Spain became embroiled in wars with France, Portugal and England, but the War of Independence affected the Valencian territories and the capital most of all. The aftermath of the French Revolution was still felt when Napoleon's armies invaded the Iberian Peninsula. On May 23, 1808, the Valencian people revolted against them, incited by characters such as Vicente Domenech el-Palleter.
The rebels seized the Citadel, the government of the Supreme Junta took over, and on June 26-28, Marshal Monsi Napoleon attacked the city with a column of 9,000 French Imperial Troops in the First Battle of Valencia. He was unable to take the city in two attacks and retreated to Madrid. Marshal Suchet began a long siege of the city in October 1811 and, after intense bombardment, forced it to surrender on January 8, 1812. After the surrender, the French began reforms in Valencia, which became the capital of Spain when the Bonapartist pretender to the throne, Jose I (Joseph Bonaparte, Napoleon's older brother) moved the court there in mid-1812. The disaster of the Battle of Vitoria on June 21, 1813 forced Suchet to leave Valencia, and in July the French troops retreated.
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The decline of the city reached its peak with the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), which ended the political and legal independence of the Kingdom of Valencia. During the War of Spanish Succession, Valencia sided with Charles of Austria. On January 24, 1706, Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough, 1st Earl of Monmouth, led a handful of English cavalry into the city after driving south from Barcelona, seizing a nearby fortress in Sagunta and tricking the Spaniards. The Bourbon army retreats.
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The British held the city for 16 months and fought off several attempts to expel them. British soldiers advanced to Requena on their way to Madrid. Following the Bourbon victory at the Battle of Almansa on 25 April 1707, the English army evacuated Valencia and Philip V ordered from the privilege of Valencia as punishment for supporting the kingdom. Charles of Austria. By the Decretos de Nueva Planta, the ancient Charters of Valencia were abolished and the city was governed by the Castilian Charter. Bourbon forces burned important cities such as Jativa, where photographs of Spanish Bourbons in public places are hung upside down in protest to this day. The capital of the Kingdom of Valencia was moved to Orihuela, which caused outrage among the people of Valencia. Philip ordered the Cortes to meet with the Viceroy of Valencia, Cardinal Luis de Belluga, who opposed the change of the capital due to the proximity of Orihuela, the religious, cultural, and now political center, to Mercia (the capital is another viceroyalty and its diocese). Because of his hatred of the city of Orihuela, which bombarded and sacked Valencia during the War of Succession, the cardinal resigned from the Viceroyalty in protest against the actions of Philip, who finally ceded and reclaimed the capital of Valencia.
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With the abolition of the statutes of Valencia and most of its institutions, and the alignment of the kingdom and its capital with the laws and customs of Castile, senior civilian officials were no longer elected, but instead appointed directly from Madrid, the king's court city, offices were often filled with foreign aristocrats. Valencia had to get used to being an occupied city, living with the presence of troops stationed in the Citadel near the monastery of Santo Domingo and in other buildings such as Lonia, which served as barracks until 1762.
Valencia's economy recovered in the 18th century with an increase in the production of woven silk and ceramic tiles. The Palace of Justice is an example of wealth that manifested itself during the most prosperous Bourbon reign (1758–1802) during the reign of Charles III. The 18th century was the era of the Enlightenment in Europe, and its humanistic ideals influenced the likes of Gregory Mayans and Perez Bayer in Valencia, who corresponded with the leading French and German thinkers of the time. In this atmosphere of the rise of ideas, the Economic Society of Friends of the Country (Societat Econòmica d'Amics del País) was founded in 1776; she has made numerous improvements to agriculture and industry and has contributed to the development of various cultural, social and economic institutions in Valencia.
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