For the last couple years NASA has been using private sector entities like SpaceX and Orbital Sciences to send cargo to the International Space Station. Today NASA announced they'll be contracting with both SpaceX and Boeing to send astronauts to the International Space Station, a contract worth $6 billion, which will also include the responsibility of further supplying cargo and important experiment equipment and supplies.
When NASA retired the shuttles years back, NASA has since relied on the Russians to launch American astronauts into space. Not anymore. This plan will phase out all involvement with the Russians entirely by 2017.
The low Earth orbit infrastructure is a big step into further developing commercial space industries in the United States, as well as supporting NASA with bigger more ambitious missions. Such a move is exciting because it's setting the stage for further space missions including using spacecraft like the Orion craft to send astronauts to the Moon, asteroids, and even Mars, moving humans further out into space than ever before.
With further commercialization of space, we might start seeing such stuff like growing space tourism, where your average Joe might get the opportunity to see the earth and stars with their own eyes from low Earth orbit. I'm curious myself what roles these companies might play in a future for asteroid mining.
http://blogs.nasa.gov/bolden/2014/09/16/american-companies-selected-to-return-astronaut-launches-to-american-soil/
Also, I remember reading a while back that the UK is also pushing to set up a commercial space port, to support commercial space industries as well as space tourism. What pioneering times we live in. I wish we could hear exciting news like this more often.
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