PC gaming being a niche and the market for Western PC games being nonexistent has a big impact on indie games in Japan.
1. Steam is unpopular and the notion of buying games digitally still isn't that prevalent in Japan compared to the West. In every convenience store, there are cards of games where you buy them to get the game instead of buying directly in the digital store. Japanese indie games have no platform to stand on to deliver their games on their local market.
2. The image of indie games in Japan is of a low quality and low budget game (they only got the low budget right). Their notion of indie games is close to doujinshi like those countless dating sims and shooting games and not like Transistor, LIMBO, Braid, etc.
3. Western games aside from mainstream ones like BF and AC are still unpopular in Japan. Braid, FEZ, etc. and other awesome indie games are unknown in Japan.
4. This is related to no. 2. If there is no publisher, chances are it's a low quality game. That is the thinking prevalent in Japan. In fact, Braid had to had a publisher to sell in Japan.
5. Last but not the least, the notion of going independent and not working in a video game company isn't considered highly in Japan. Unless you're a veteran like the Megaman creator, family and friends will most likely shun a person going independent. It's almost the same as being a NEET. So most likely it's going to be doing another job while making the game like the creator of Cave Story and it took him five years to finish it.
There were steps taken in Japan to promote indie games and indie game development like the bit trip summit but it had to be started by a Westerner. And the Japanese agree that indie game developers in Japan have no presence in the country. They don't meet up and gather and share their knowledge and creativity like Indiecade in the West.
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