The PS3 has a G71 derivative which was indeed the same GPU used in the 7800 series.
The 360 uses not a X1900 derivative, but a precursor to the R600, as it is a unified shader part, and pretty much was developed into the the R600 series. Of course it also relies on an eDRAM die and isn't fully DX10 compatible (it can do some DX10 level things though). However it isn't related to the X1900 at all.
The Wii doesn't use an x300/600 part, nor is the GPU in the Wii even equivalent to it, it's much weaker than those ATi GPUs. It's just a small die process + higher clocked version of the GPU used in the Gamecube to preserve perfect backwards compatibility. Same goes for the CPU. The big increase for the Wii was the amount of RAM and much higher memory bandwidths.
As for the next gen systems, we'll see derivatives/developments of what the current consoles use now. They will need backwards compatibility in hardware, with the exception of the next gen Wii successor. The Wii is quite easily emulated, homebrew developers have proven that with the Dolphin Wii/GC emulator. I think it would be in Ninty's best interest to go PPC again, but with a newer architecture, and use a whole new GPU. Honestly it wouldn't take much to satisfy me in a new Wii, especially if low development cost is desired. I'd go with a quad-core PPC CPU, Radeon 5670, with 1 GB of GDDR5 RAM as a unified memory pool. As paltry as the Wii is now, even a dual-core PPC, Radeon 5450 series, 512 MB of GDDR5 would satisfy most developers. It would make porting extremely easy. A current end GPU feature set would there for devs and 720p could easily be be done. The 80 stream units in the 5450 would still be roughly a third of what the 360 now can do, but the graphics would still be roughly 4 to 5x better than what we now see with the Wii and it would be at 720p. Shaders would be easily implemented. Easy to do global lighting and shadowing. I'd still recommend a 5670 though. It's 5x more powerful than a 5450 (400 vs 80 Stream processors). And 1080p would be easy to do.
It is still highly possible that Sony will try to develop the Cell further, despite IBM virtually abandoning it. 2x PPEs + 16 SPEs is quite plausible, perhaps 32. It was in IBMs research roadmap before ending Cell development on their end. Surely Sony will go with another Nvidia GPU in order to gain all the data they would need to make sure BC isn't an issue, and probably go with something along the lines of a "medium end" Geforce GTX/S 4xx series. It's possible as well that Sony may hardly revise the Cell BE and use a high end Nvidia GPU to augment it not only in graphics but for GPGPU functions as well.
The next Xbox will probably use a newer PPC quad-core, one that wipes the floor with the Xenons older PPC architecture per clock yet still be compatible. I think will surely do some GPGPU implementation using an ATi 57xx or 58xx equivalent part that will afford relatively huge amounts of graphics power while giving them plenty of power to do on GPU physics, etc at the same time.
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